目的： 研究黄芪多糖（astragalus polysaccharide，APS）对急性髓细胞白血病（acute myeloid leukemia，AML）患者浆细胞样树突状细胞（plasmacytoid dendritic cell，pDC）成熟的影响。 方法： 收集淮安市第二人民医院2009年10月至2010年2月23例AML患者外周血单个核细胞，流式细胞仪分选pDC。APS刺激pDC 5 d后，流式细胞术检测pDC表型、光镜观察pDC的形态、扫描电镜观察pDC的超微结构；不同质量浓度APS（0、50、100、200 μg/ml）处理24 h后，ELISA检测pDC上清中IFN-α、TNF-α和IL-6的水平。 结果: 光镜及扫描电镜结果显示，APS可使pDC的突起增多、变长，呈现成熟形态特征。APS可促进pDC的分化和成熟，使CD11c、CD80、CD86阳性率明显提高，并呈APS浓度依赖性（P＜0.05）。APS还可浓度依赖性地上调pDC分泌IFN-α、TNF-α和IL-6（P＜0.05）。 结论： APS能够增强AML患者pDC的功能，并促进其分化和成熟。

Objective : To explore the effect of astragalus polysaccharide (APS) on maturation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Methods: Twenty-three AML patients from Second People’s Hospital of Huai’an City (Oct. 2009 to Feb. 2010) were used in this study. Peripheral mononuclear cells were obtained and were sorted by flow cytometry. pDCs were then stimulated with APS for 5 days; their phenotypes were analyzed by flow cytometry, morphology was observed under light microscope, and ultrastructure was observed under scanning electron microscope. pDCs were treated with different concentrations of APS (0, 50, 100, 200 μg/ml) for 24 h, and IFN-α, TNF-α and IL-6 levels in pDC supernatants were examined by ELISA. Results: Light microscope and scanning electron microscope results showed that APS-treated pDCs displayed mature morphology with more and longer dendritic spines. APS promoted differentiation and maturation of pDC by increasing the positive rates of CD11c, CD80 and CD86 in a dose-dependent manner (P＜0.05). APS also dose-dependently up-regulated IFN-α, TNF-α, and IL-6 secretion in pDCs (P＜005). Conclusion: APS can enhance the function of pDCs of AML patients, and promote their differentiation and maturation.