目的：对表浅性膀胱癌术后膀胱灌注卡介苗的有效性和安全性进行系统评价。方法：计算机检索PubMed、EMBASE、Cochrane Library、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国期刊全文数据库、中文科技期刊全文数据库关于表浅性膀胱癌术后膀胱灌注卡介苗的随机对照试验文献，2名评价员独立对纳入文献进行质量评价和数据提取，用Cochrane网提供的RevMan 50软件进行meta分析。结果：共纳入5篇随机对照试验（共450例患者）文献。Meta分析结果显示：术后卡介苗灌注与单纯手术相比，在膀胱癌复发率\[RR=0.64, 95% CI（0.52，0.80）\]、膀胱炎发生率\[RR=50.63，95% CI（14.57，175.90）\]、血尿\[RR=1828，95% CI（5.23，63.85）\]、发热\[RR=21.93，95% CI（6.32，76.02）\]、不适感\[RR=10.23，95% CI（2.06，5081）\]、恶心\[RR=4.67，95%CI（0.83，26.31）\]方面差异有统计学意义。提示术后卡介苗灌注在预防膀胱癌复发方面效果好，但发生不良反应的概率高。结论：与单纯手术相比，表浅性膀胱癌术后应用卡介苗膀胱灌注减少了肿瘤的复发率，但是不良反应亦增加。

Objective:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravesical therapy with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) following transurethral resection (TUR) in patients with superficial bladder cancer. Methods：We searched PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Full-text Database, and Chinese Journal Full-text Database for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for studies about intravesical therapy with BCG following TUR in patients with superficial bladder cancer. Two reviewers independently evaluated the quality of the included studies and extracted the data. The data were analyzed using Review Manager 5.0 provided by Cochrane collaboration. Results：Five RCTs (totaling 450 patients) were finally included in the present study. The results showed that there were significant differences in recurrence rates (\[RR=0.64, 95% CI \[0.52, 0.80\]), cystitis ( RR=5063, 95% CI \[14.57, 175.90\]), haematuria (RR=18.28, 95% CI \[5.23, 63.85\]), fever ( RR=2193, 95% CI \[632, 76.02\] ), malaise (RR=10.23, 95% CI \[2.06, 50.81\]), and nausea (RR=4.67, 95% CI \[0.83, 2631\]) between the intravesical therapy with BCG following TUR group and TUR alone group, indicating that intravesical therapy with BCG following TUR was better than TUR alone in preventing the recurrence of bladder cancer, but with more adverse effects. Conclusion：Compared with TUR alone, intravesical therapy with BCG following TUR appears to decrease the tumor recurrence in patients with superficial bladder cancer, but with more adverse effects.