目的：探讨利妥昔单抗（rituximab）联合CHOP化疗治疗B细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤（non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma，NHL）的临床疗效及其对钙网蛋白（calreticulin，CRT）表达的影响。 方法： 选取南通大学附属医院2008年7月至2011年2月期间48例初治B细胞NHL，分为利妥昔单抗联合CHOP化疗组（R-CHOP组，25例）和CHOP组（23例）两组，6个疗程后比较两组患者的临床疗效、不良反应，以及外周血中CD20+B细胞表面CRT的表达。 结果： R-CHOP组B细胞NHL患者完全缓解率为80.0%，总有效率为920%；CHOP组完全缓解率为56.5%，总有效率为69.6%；R-CHOP组患者完全缓解率以及总有效率高于CHOP组（P<005）。两组间不良反应相似，R-CHOP联合治疗没有增加NHL患者治疗后的不良反应。R-CHOP组患者治疗后外周血中CD20+B细胞表面CRT的表达明显高于CHOP组\[（255.00±5.57) vs (216.00±3.61)，P<0.05\]。 结论： 利妥昔单抗联合CHOP化疗治疗B细胞NHL较常规CHOP化疗效果好，可能与联合治疗上调CRT表达有关。

Objective : To evaluate the clinical efficacy of rituximab (R) combined CHOP ( R-CHOP) treatment on B-cell non-Hodgkin＇s lymphoma (NHL) and its influence on the expression of calreticulin (CRT). Methods: Totally 48 patients (From Jul. 2008 to Feb. 2011 in Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University) with previously untreated B-cell lymphoma were divided into R-CHOP group (25 cases) and CHOP group (23 cases). R-CHOP group was treated with R-CHOP chemotherapy and CHOP group was treated with CHOP chemotherapy. After 6 treatment courses, the clinical efficacy, adverse effect and the expression of CRT on CD20+ B cells were compared between these two groups. Results: The complete remission rate was 80.0% and the total effective rate was 92.0% in the R-CHOP group. The complete remission rate was 56.5% and the total effective rate was 696% in the CHOP group. There was a significant difference in the complete remission rate and the total effective rate between the two groups (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in adverse events between the two groups (P>005). The expression of CRT on CD20+ B cells in the R-CHOP group was higher than the CHOP group (\[255.00±5.57\] vs \[216.00±3.61\], P<0.05). Conclusion: Rituximab can improve the clinical effciency of CHOP in the treatment of B-cell NHL, which may be related with the expression of CRT induced by combined treatment.