目的： 研究乙型肝炎相关性肝癌根治性切除术后接受IFN-α治疗对于患者总体生存率和肿瘤复发率的影响。 方法:选取南通大学附属医院普外科及消化科在2006年至2012年收治的149例已行肝癌根治性切除术的乙型肝炎相关性肝癌患者，按患者意愿分组：治疗组37例，术后接受IFN-α治疗（50 μg/次，每周3次，持续18个月）；对照组112例，术后未接受IFN-α治疗。比较两组患者总体生存率和复发率，分析IFN-α治疗与两者的相关性。 结果： 两组患者的一般情况、临床病理资料无显著差异，平均随访时间为53.3（3.5~74.2）个月。治疗组总体生存率显著高于对照组\[（63.4±3.1）vs（52.12±2.2）个月； χ 2=5.137，P=0.023\]，而复发率无显著差异\[（56.4±3.0）vs（49.6±3.0）个月; χ 2=2.236，P=0.260\]。多因素分析提示，多发肿瘤结节、Okuda分期Ⅱ期显著影响总体生存率，术后接受IFN-α治疗是提高总体生存率的独立影响因素（HR：0446，95% CI：0.220~0.907，P=0.026）；多发肿瘤结节、肿瘤无包膜形成是肿瘤复发的独立影响因素，但术后接受IFN-α治疗与复发率无相关性。 结论： 乙型肝炎相关性肝癌根治性切除术后接受IFN-α治疗可以提高总体生存率，但未见明显降低复发率。

Objective : To investigate the effect of interferon α (IFN-α) therapy after curative resection on overall survival rate and recurrence in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: A total of 149 HBV-related HCC patients who underwent curative resection in the Department of General Surgery and Gastroenterology of the Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University between 2006 and 2012 were enrolled in this study. Of these patients, 37 expressed wishes to receive postoperative IFN-α therapy (50 μg three times a week for 18 months) and and the remaining 112 wished not to receive postoperative therapy and served as controls. Overall survival rate and recurrence rate were compared between the two groups and the correlations of both survival rate and recurrence rate with IFN-α treatment were analyzed. Results: There was no significant difference in general clinical and pathological data between the two groups ( P>0.05). The average follow-up time was 53.3 months (range from 3.5 to 74.2 months). The overall survival rate in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (63.4±3.1 vs 52.12±2.2 months; χ 2=5.137, P=0.023). No significant difference in the cumulative recurrence rate was detected between the treatment group and the control group (56.4±3.0 vs 49.6±3.0 months; χ 2=2.236, P=0.260). Multivariate analysis revealed that postoperative IFN-α therapy was an independent factor for the overall survival rate (HR:0.446, 95% CI: 0.220-0907, P=0.026), but not for the recurrence rate. Conclusion: IFN-α therapy after curative resection improved the overall survival rate in but failed to reduce the recurrence rate in patients with HBV-related HCC.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（No. 81302056），国家卫生部科研基金资助项目（No. W201202），江苏省自然科学基金资助项目（No. BK2012225）