目的：分析激肽释放酶10（kallikrein 10，KLK10）和血管内皮生长因子（vascular endothelial growth factor，VEGF）在卵巢癌组织中的表达，探讨两者在卵巢癌临床诊断、治疗及预后中的意义。方法：收集2004年1月至2009年1月在南通大学附属医院妇科收治的45例卵巢癌、10例良性和12例交界性卵巢肿瘤组织石蜡切片标本，应用免疫组化法检测标本中KLK10蛋白和VEGF的表达，并分析两者表达的相关性及与卵巢癌各临床病理指标和预后的关系。结果：KLK10 \[86.7%(39/45) vs 10.0%(1/10)、58.3%(7/12)， P <0.05\]和VEGF\[（82.2%(37/45) vs 20.0%(2/10)、41.4%(5/12)， P <0.05\]在卵巢癌组织中的阳性表达率均明显高于卵巢良性、交界性肿瘤组织。KLK10和VEGF表达阳性率分别与分期、肿瘤分化、淋巴结转移、5年生存率有关（ P <0.05），与患者年龄、病理分型、血清CA125水平、腹水及残余肿瘤直径无关（ P >0.05）；KLK10和VEGF蛋白在卵巢癌中的表达呈正相关性（ r =0.5279， P =0.043）。结论：KLK10和VEGF蛋白在卵巢癌中均为高表达，两者表达呈正相关，两者均似可作为卵巢癌诊断、治疗及预后的标志物。

Objective: To evaluate the clinicopathological, diagnostic and prognostic signficance of kallikrein (KLK) 10 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in ovarian carcinoma. Methods: Paraffin-embedded sections were prepared from 45 malignant, 10 benign and 12 borderline ovarian tumor tissue specimens collected from patients seeking care in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of Nantong University-Affiliated Hospital between January 2004 and January 2009. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect KLK10 and VEGF proteins in these tissue sections. The correlation of KLK10 and VEGF protein levels with the clinicopathological features and prognosis of ovarian carcinoma were analysed. Results: Malignant ovarian tumor specimens, as compared with benign and borderline tumor specimens, had significantly higher percentages of KLK10-positive staining (86.7% vs 10.0%, 58.3%; P <0.05) and VEGF-positive staining (82.2% vs 20.0%, 41.7%, P <0.05). The proportion of KLK10-and VEGF-positive cells in the xxx tissue was significantly correlated with clinical stage, pathologic grade, lymphatic metastasis and 5-year survival rate ( P <0.05), but was independent of age, histological type, serum level of CA125, ascetic fluid or remnant tumor diameter ( P >0.05). The expression of KLK10 was positively correlated with the expression of VEGF ( r =0.5279, P =0.043). Conclusion: Both KLK10 and VEGF are highly expressed and positively correlated in ovarian carcinoma and thereby may serve as putative prognostic markers of the disease.