目的：研究自体细胞因子诱导的杀伤（cytokine-induced killer，CIK）细胞治疗对放化疗后的中晚期非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer，NSCLC）患者免疫功能及生活质量的影响。方法：收集我院肿瘤科2012年6月至2014年3月放化疗后的中晚期NSCLC患者38例，输注自体CIK细胞同时行最佳支持治疗；选择同期放化疗后的中晚期NSCLC患者34例，仅行最佳支持治疗作为对照组。 流式细胞术检测外周血T淋巴细胞亚群及调节性T细胞的表达水平，ELISA法检测外周血清中IL-2、IL-12、IFN-γ 浓度，评价自体CIK细胞治疗前后患者免疫学指标的变化、体能状态的改善情况及CIK治疗的安全性。结果：（1）38例NSCLC患者治疗后外周血CD4 + 、CD4 + /CD8 +比值较治疗前及对照组治疗后有明显升高（P<0.05或P<0.01），CD8+明显下降（P<0.05），对照组无明显变化；CIK细胞治疗组治疗前后及与对照组治疗后相比，调节性T细胞（CD4 + CD25 + ）比率明显下降（P<0.01）；（2）CIK细胞治疗后较治疗前及对照组治疗后IL-12、IFN-γ 的水平明显升高（P<001），IL-2水平较治疗前有明显升高（P<0.01），但与对照组治疗后相比变化不明显（P>0.05）；（3）治疗组CIK治疗后KPS评分明显升高（P<0.05），对照组KPS评分差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；（4）CIK治疗组中无一例出现畏寒、发热等不良反应。结论：自体CIK细胞治疗可改善放化疗后中晚期NSCLC患者的免疫功能、提高其生活质量，且细胞治疗安全。

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of autologous cytokine-induced killer cells in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Methods: A total of 72 patients with advanced NSCLC who were admitted to our department between June, 2012 and March, 2014 and had undergone radiotherapy and chemotherapy were enrolled. One month after the last radiotherapy and chemotherapy, 38 patients were treated with autologous cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells for two cycles (5 days each) with an interval of 2 months in addition to the optimal maintenance treatment regimen and the remaining 34 patients were given maintenance treatment only as controls. One week before and one week after treatment with CIK cells, proportions of CD3 +, CD4 +, CD8 +, CD4 +/CD8 +, and CD4 +CD25 + regulatory T (Treg) cells in the peripheral blood were determined by flow cytometry, levels of IL-2, IL-12 and IFN-γ were measured with ELISA, and the Karnofsky performance score (KPS) was calculated. Results: The proportion of CD4 + T cells and the CD4/CD8 + T cell ratio were significantly higher (P<0.05), the proportion of CD4 +CD25 + Treg cells was significantly lower (P<0.05), the levels of IL-12, IFN-γ were significantly increased (P<0.01), and the KPS score was significantly higher (P<0.05) in patients receiving autologous CIKs as compared with control subjects. None of the patients suffered from transient fever or chills in the process of CIK transfusion, and no other side effects were observed. Conclusion: Autologous CIKs may improve the immune function and the quality of life in patients with advanced NSCLC, thus offering an effective and safe treatment option for NSCLC.