目的：检测热激因子1（heat-shock factor 1，HSF1）在食管鳞状细胞癌（esophageal squamous cell carcinoma，ESCC）组织中的表达水平，探讨其与ESCC临床病理特征及预后的关系。 方法： 选取2009年1月至2009年12月在山东大学齐鲁医院胸外科行手术治疗的90例ESCC患者的组织标本及50例相应癌旁组织标本，采用免疫组化法检测ESCC中HSF1蛋白的表达；另取20例2014年9月至2014年11月行手术切除的ESCC组织及癌旁组织标本，采用Real-time PCR法检测 HSF1 mRNA在ESCC及癌旁组织中的表达。分析HSF1蛋白表达与患者临床病理指标之间的关系，Kaplan-Meier法计算患者的5年生存率，Log-rank法比较患者的生存差别，Cox回归多因素分析判定独立的预后因素。 结果： 与癌旁组织相比，ESCC组织中 HSF1 mRNA及蛋白的表达显著增高（均P＜0. 01）；HSF1蛋白的表达与患者年龄（P=0.453）、性别（P=0.692）、吸烟史（P=0318）及饮酒史（P=0.367）均无显著相关性，与淋巴结转移（P=0.002）、分化程度（P=0.012）及TNM分期（P=0.024）显著相关。单因素及多因素分析结果显示，HSF1高表达与患者不良预后有关。 结论： HSF1在ESCC组织中呈现高表达，与ESCC的恶性进展及不良预后密切相关。

Objective : To investigate the role of Heat-Shock Factor 1 (HSF1) in the development and progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods: Cancerous (n=90）and adjacent (n=50) esophageal tissue specimens were collected from 90 patients with ESCC who were surgically treated in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University between January and December of 2009. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to assess the expression of HSF1 in carcinoma and adjacent tissues. Real-time PCR was used to determine the level of HSF1 mRNA in resected ESCC and adjacent tissues from 20 patients enrolled between September and November of 2014. 2 test was carried out to analyze the relationship between HSF1 expression and the clinical and pathological characters of these patients，Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate their 5-year survival rates，Log-rank test was done to compare survival differences，and Cox regression analysis was utilized to determine the independent prognostic factors. Results: The expression of HSF1 at mRNA or protein levels were significantly elevated in ESCC tissues compared with that in adjacent esophageal tissues (P<0.01). Although it is not associated with the age (P=0.453), gender (P=0.692), smoking history (P=0.318) and drinking history (P=0.367) of these patients statistically, increased HSF1 expression is significantly related to the differentiation stages (P=0.012), lymph node metastasis (P=0.002), and TNM stages of the tumors (P=0.024). Univariate and multivariate analysis indicated that increased expression of HSF1 was associated with tumor relapse and prognosis. Conclusion: HSF1 is highly expressed in ESCC, and the elevated expression is associated with tumor progression and prognosis.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（ No.30571844 ）；山东省自然科学基金资助项目（No.ZR2013HM089）；吴阶平医学基金资助项目（No.320.6750.12393）