目的：探讨表皮生长因子受体（epidermal growth factor receptor，EGFR）突变与非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer，NSCLC）脑转移的相关性。方法：收集复旦大学附属华山医院胸外科及肿瘤科于2008年1月1日至2013年10月31日手术切除并经病理确诊的NSCLC患者肺癌组织标本90例。其中脑转移患者30例为观察组，无脑转移患者60例为对照组，采用直接测序法对所有标本进行EGFR基因突变检测。结果：无论腺癌还是鳞癌，脑转移NSCLC患者中EGFR基因突变明显高于无脑转移患者（46.7 % vs 15.0 %，P<0.01）。结论：EGFR基因突变增加可能与NSCLC脑转移相关。

Objective:To evaluate the relationship between epidermal growth factor receptor（EGFR） mutations and brain metastasis（BM）in non-small cell lung cancer（NSCLC）. Methods： 90 cases of patients who were pathologically diagnosed as NSCLC in the department of thoracic surgery and oncology of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, from January 1, 2008 to October 31, 2013 were selected in this study, and we collected the lung cancer tissues. Among them, 30 patients with brain metastasis (BM) were assigned in observation group, and the rest 60 patients with no brain metastasis (NBM) were assigned in control group. The EGFR mutation status was detected by direct sequencing. Results: The patients with BM had more EGFR mutations than the patients with NBMs (46.7% vs 15.0%, P＜0.05), no matter in adenocarcinoma or squamous carcinoma. Conclusion: EGFR mutations increasing may be associated with BM in NSCLC.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（No. 81302010，No. 81101551）；上海市科委自然科学基金资助项目（No. 13ZR1405000）