肠道菌群不仅在人体的营养代谢、免疫稳态中扮演重要角色，还与恶性肿瘤进展密切相关。近年来，肠道菌群参与肿瘤免疫调控备受研究者关注，肠道菌群通过干预负性免疫调控网络影响肿瘤发生发展。然而，目前针对肠道菌群与肿瘤免疫调控关系的研究多停留于关联性分析，其分子作用机制尚未完全阐明。本文从肠道菌群干预肿瘤负性免疫调节细胞、负性免疫调节分子及负性免疫调节细胞因子等方面阐述肠道菌群干预肿瘤恶性进程的机制，以期为肿瘤治疗提供新的思路和策略。

Intestinal flora not only play an important role in human nutrition metabolism and immune homeostasis, but also was closely related with progress of malignant tumor. In recent years, intestinal flora tacking part in immune regulation of tumor has drawn much attention from researchers. Recent researches found that intestinal flora affects tumorigenesis and development of tumor via intervening negative immune regulatory network. However, most of researches on relationship between intestinal flora and immune regulation of tumor remained in correlation analysis, its molecular mechanism has not been completely elucidated. The paper expounded novel progresses of research on intestinal flora regulating mechanism of negative immune regulation and intervening malignant tumor progression from four aspects which were negative immune regulatory cells, negative immune regulatory molecules, negative immune regulatory cytokines and combined action of the multiple factors, and expected to provide new ideals and strategies for the tumor therapy.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（No.U1502222，No.81470005，No.81260307）；云南省科技厅应用基础研究项目资助（No.2015FB074，No. 2014FB065，No.2014FB064）；云南省教育厅科学研究基金研究生项目资助(No.2016YJS057)