免疫检查点的研究在近几年实现突破性进展，PD-1/PD-L1信号通路与免疫逃逸机制密切相关，针对阻断PD-1/PD-L1 通路免疫检查点的治疗在肺癌中取得明显效果。从Checkmate-017、Checkmate-057研究到KEYNOTE-010研究和OAK研究，逐 步奠定了PD1/PD-L1抑制剂作为化疗失败晚期NSCLC的标准治疗的地位；PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂可联合其他治疗方式，包括放疗、 化疗、靶向治疗以及其他免疫治疗等方式，在肺癌综合治疗中起到协同作用，从而提高了疗效。免疫检查点抑制剂带来了肺癌治 疗模式的改变，也对肿瘤疗效评价模式、治疗相关不良反应的处理带来挑战。另外，免疫检查点抑制剂的研发也有力地推动了精 准医疗的进展。

The research on immune checkpoint has made breakthrough progress in recent years. The PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway is closely related to the immune escape mechanism, and their inhibitors have also made great success in lung cancer. From Checkmate- 017, Checkmate-057 to KEYNOTE-010 and OAK studies, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have gradually established their position as standard treatment for the advanced NSCLC patients after chemotherapy failed. PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors can be combined with other cancer treat- ment methods, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy and other immunotherapies, whichhave synergistic effects in the treatment of lung cancer, thus improving the efficacy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors bring changes in the treatment patterns of lung can- cer, but also to the traditional efficacy evaluation model,as wellas reaction to the treatment-related adverse. In addition, the development of immune check point inhibitors has effectively promoted the progress of precision medicine.

国家重点研发项目（No.2016YFC1303804）;国家自然科学 基金资助项目（No.81672275）；吉林省科技厅重点实验室建设项目 （No.20170622011JC）；吉林省发展和改革委员会专项（No.2017C022）;国 家卫生计生委专项（No.ZX-07-C2016004）。