[摘要] 过去几十年来在干细胞生物学领域取得的进步，使得一种新型的3D类细胞体外培养技术问世，因其有着类似原器官的空间形态结构，故而称其为类器官。将肿瘤组织用该技术体外培养所形成的肿瘤类器官，极大程度保留了肿瘤细胞在体内的生物特性,且兼具低成本和便于操作的优点，弥补了以往传统肿瘤实验模型的缺陷。该模型还可用于转化医学研究，可进行包括药敏试验在内的个体化医疗方案的制定，并且具有和多种技术相结合的应用前景。本文重点讨论类器官在肿瘤研究中的应用及其发展潜力。

[Abstract] Over the last few decades progress in the field of stem cell biology makes a new kind of 3-D human cells in vitro culture techniques available, which is termed organoids because of its space structure similar to organs. Organoids derived from tumor tissues largely retained the biological characteristics of tumor tissue in vivo, and both the advantages of low cost and easy operation make up the defects of the previous conventional cancer models. Organoids can also be used for translational medical research, formulating individual therapeutic schedules including drug sensitive tests, and combining with many kinds of technologies. This article focus on the application and prospects of organoids in tumor research.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（No.81672892）