目的:探讨LncRNA RP11-513G11.1 在小细胞肺癌患者（small cell lung cancer ,SCLC）化疗耐药和预后测评中的作用。方法：收集西南医科大学附属医院2012 年6 月至2017 年6 月进行外科手术、穿刺活检或支气管镜活检的SCLC组织标本98 份、癌旁组织标本30 份以及正常肺组织标本30 份，采用qRT-PCR 检测SCLC组织、癌旁组织、正常肺组织和SCLC敏感细胞株H69、耐药细胞株H69AR中LncRNA RP11-513G11.1 的表达；所有患者均接受EP方案（依托泊苷＋顺铂）化疗，根据其化疗敏感性分为化疗敏感组及耐药组，检测两组患者LncRNA RP11-513G11.1 的表达情况。分析RP11-513G11.1 表达与患者预后及生存时间的关系和影响患者OS 的危险因素。结果：LncRNA RP11-513G11.1 在H69AR 耐药细胞中的表达（13.790±2.830）较H69 敏感细胞（1.080±0.090）明显增高（P<0.01），在SCLC 组织中（8.558±1.130）的表达水平明显高于癌旁组织（1.188±0.090）及正常肺组织（1.636±0.150）（均P<0.01），在化疗耐药患者中的表达（10.930±0.443）明显高于化疗敏感者（4.974±0.313）（P<0.01）。RP11-513G11.1 表达与患者的性别、年龄无关，而与SCLC 患者的疾病分期、淋巴结转移、远处转移、化疗耐药相关（均P<0.05）；RP11-513G11.1 高表达患者PFS[ （12.59±2.08）个月]短于低表达者[ （25.47±1.23）个月](P<0.01）、OS[（24.98±1.56）个月]短于低表达者[ （39.03±2.67）个月](P<0.01）。单因素及多因素分析发现，RP11-513G11.1 表达、疾病分期、远处转移是影响SCLC患者预后的危险因素（均P<0.05）。结论：LncRNA RP11-513G11.1可能是SCLC患者化疗敏感性及预后评估潜在的标志物。

Objective: To investigate the role of LncRNA RP11-513G11.1 in the chemoresistance and evaluation of prognosis in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Methods: From June 2012 to June 2017，98 cases of SCLC tissue, 30 cases of paracancerous tissue and 30 cases of normal lung tissue were performed by surgery, puncture biopsy or bronchoscopic biopsy from the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University. QRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of LncRNA RP11-513G11.1 in SCLC tissue, paracancerous tissue,normal lung tissue and SCLC sensitive cell strain H69, drug resistance cell strain H69AR. All patients received EP regimen (etoposide+cisplatin). According to their chemosensitivity, they were divided into chemosensitivity group and drug resistance group. The expression of LncRNA RP11-513G11.1 in two groups was detected. The relationship between RP11-513G11.1 expression and prognosis,survival time and risk factors of OS in patients were analyzed. Results: The expression of LncRNA RP11-513G11.1 in H69AR chemoresistant cells (13.790±2.830) was significantly higher than that in H69AR chemosensitive cells (1.080±0.090) (P<0.01),the expression level of LncRNA RP11-513G11.1 in SCLC tissues (8.558±1.130) was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues (1.188±0.090) and normal lung tissues (1.636±0.150) (all P<0.01), the expression of RP11-513G11.1 in chemoresistant patients was significantly higher than that in chemosensitive patients (4.974±0.313) (P<0.01). The expression of RP11-513G11.1 was not related to gender and age,but was related to disease stage, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and chemotherapy resistance in SCLC patients (all P<0.05);High expression RP11-513G11.1 patients was shorter PFS [(12.59 ±2.08) months] and OS [(24.98 ±1.56) months] than those with low expression [(25.47 ± 1.23) months] and [(39.03 ± 2.67) months] (P<0.01). Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that RP11-513G11.1 expression, disease stage and distant metastasis were independent prognostic risk factors for SCLC patients (all P<0.05).Conclusion: LncRNA RP11-513G11.1 may be a potential biomarker of chemosensitivity and prognosis in SCLC patients.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（No. 81102210）