[摘要] 目的：探讨miR-375 靶向调控Yes 相关蛋白（Yes-associated protein, YAP）的表达对肝癌细胞增殖和侵袭能力的影响。方法：收集2015 年1 月至2016 年12 月河南中医药大学第二附属医院普外二科行手术切除的70 例肝细胞癌（hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC）患者的癌组织及对应的癌旁组织标本，以及肝癌细胞系SMMC-7721、Hb611、HepG2 和BEL-7405，用qPCR 法检测HCC癌组织和肝癌细胞中miR-375 的表达水平。双荧光素酶报告基因检测miR-375 与YAP的相互作用；分析miR-375 和HCC患者的临床病理特征之间的关系，MTT法检测miR-375 对肝癌细胞增殖能力的影响，Transwell 小室法检测抑制miR-375 表达后HCC细胞侵袭能力的变化；Western blotting 检测HepG2 细胞中YAP的表达。建立裸鼠肝癌皮下移植瘤模型，观察抑制miR-375表达后移植瘤体积和质量的变化，免疫组化法和Western blotting 检测裸鼠移植瘤中YAP的表达情况。结果：HCC组织中miR-375 和YAP表达水平明显高于癌旁组织（均P<0.05），肝癌HepG2 细胞中miR-375 的表达水平最高（P<0.05）。miR-375 能与YAP的3’UTR特异性结合，调控YAP的表达活性。抑制miR-375 的表达后，HepG2 细胞增殖、侵袭的能力显著减弱（均P<0.05），裸鼠移植瘤体积和质量都明显减小（均P<0.05），移植瘤组织细胞中YAP的表达水平相应下调（P<0.05）。结论：miR-375 在肝癌的发生发展过程中起重要作用，可以通过靶向调控YAP的表达影响肝癌细胞的恶性生物学行为。

[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the mechanisms of miR-375 affecting the proliferation and invasion of hepatoma cells via targeting YAP (Yes-associated protein). Methods: The cancerous tissues and corresponding para-cancerous tissues of 70 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who underwent surgical resection at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2015 to December 2016, as well as the hepatoma cell lines SMMC-7721, Hb611, HepG2 and BEL-7405 were collected for this study. qPCR method was used to detect the expression level of miR-375 in collected HCC tissues and different hepatoma cell lines; Dual luciferase reporter gene assay was used to verify the interaction between miR-375 and YAP; The relationship between miR-375 and clinicopathological features of HCC patients was also analyzed; MTT assay was used to detect the effect of miR-375 on the proliferation of hepatoma cells; Transwell invasion assay was used to detect the invasive ability of hepatoma cells after inhibiting the expression of miR-375; Western blotting was used to detect the expression of YAP in HepG2 cells. The nude mouse model of subcutaneously transplanted xenograft was established, and the tumor volume and mass of transplanted hepatoma cells were detected after inhibiting the expression of miR-375. The expression of YAP in xenograft of nude mice was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Results: The expression of miR-375 and YAP in HCC tissues was significantly higher than that in para-cancerous tissues (all P<0.05). The expression of miR-375 in HepG2 cells was the highest (P<0.05). miR-375 could specifically bind to the 3' UTR of YAP and regulate the expression activity of YAP. After inhibiting the expression of miR-375, the proliferation and invasion abilities of HepG2 cells were reduced (all P<0.05); The tumor volume and mass of transplanted xenografts were significantly reduced (both P<0.05); The expression of YAP protein in the transplanted xenografts was down-regulated (P<0.05). Conclusion: miR-375 plays an important role in the occurrence and development of liver cancer, and can influence the malignant biological behaviors of hepatoma cells by targeting and regulating the expression of YAP.

河南省科技攻关项目（No. 142102310040）