[摘要] 近年来，免疫检查点抑制剂不断被研发及其在临床实践中的应用拓展，迅速改变着肺癌的治疗模式。目前，中国研究者也踊跃研发多款免疫治疗药物并将其逐渐应用于临床研究，预示着中国已进入免疫治疗新时代。但随着临床研究的不断拓展及实验数据的不断积累，同时也给我们带来许多新挑战和新思考。本文主要对肺癌免疫治疗模式的突破、免疫治疗临床试验排除的特殊人群、免疫治疗疗效评价、治疗相关不良反应以及疗效预测标志物等多方面发展现状和挑战进行逐一阐述。

[Abstract] In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors have been continuously researched and developed, and gradually expanded in clinical practice, rapidly changing the treatment mode of lung cancer. At present, a number of immunotherapeutic drugs are also actively developed in China and gradually applied to clinical research, indicating that China has entered a new era of immunotherapy.However, with the continuous expansion of clinical research and the continuous accumulation of experimental data, it also brings us many new challenges and new thinking. This article mainly analyzes the development status and challenges of immunotherapy for lung cancer in the aspects of breakthroughs in treatment modes, special populations excluded from clinical immunotherapy trials, response evaluation, treatment-related adverse events and predictive biomarkers.

国家重点研发项目（No.2016YFC1303804）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（No.81672275）；吉林省科技厅重点实验室建设项目（No.20170622011JC）；吉林省发展和改革委员会专项（No.2017C022）；国家卫生计生委专项（No.ZX-07-C2016004）