[摘要] 目的：利用生物信息学方法筛选出肝细胞癌（HCC）组织与正常肝组织之间差异表达基因（DEG），从转录组层面分析这些候选基因参与HCC发生发展的内在机制及其与HCC患者预后相关基因的临床意义。方法: 分别从基因表达数据库（GEO）及人类癌症基因组图谱（TCGA）网站中下载GSE45267、GSE64041、GSE84402 和TCGA中的基因表达谱，R软件和Bioconductor安装包用于筛选HCC组织与癌旁组织之间DEG，然后对这些DEG进行基因本体（GO）富集分析、京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）通路分析、蛋白质相互作用（PPI）网络分析及生存分析。结果：共筛选出46 个上调基因和154 个下调基因，GO富集分析显示，这些DEG主要与细胞分裂、增殖、周期调控、氧化还原过程及某些代谢途径密切相关；KEGG通路分析显示DEG主要与色氨酸、视黄醇等代谢途径及P53 通路有关。在TCGA数据集中，6 个上调的中枢基因CCNA2、CDK1、DLGAP5、KIF20A、KPNA2、MELK的过表达被认为与HCC患者预后呈明显负相关（均P<0.01）。结论：筛选出的一组与预后负相关的中枢上调基因对HCC诊断和治疗的临床研究可能具有潜在的指导价值。

[Abstract] Objective: To identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and normal liver tissues by bioinformatic methods, and to explore the intrinsic mechanism of these candidate genes involving in the occurrence and development of HCC from transcriptome level as well as the clinical significance of their associations with the prognosis of HCC patients. Methods: Gene expression profiles of GSE45267, GSE64041, GSE84402 and TCGA were downloaded from GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) and TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas), respectively. R software and Bioconductor packages were used to identify the DEGs between HCC tissues and para-cancer tissues, and then Gene Ontology (GO) Enrichment analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network analysis and survival analysis were performed.Results: Forty-six up-regulated genes and 154 down-regulated genes were screened out,and GO enrichment analysis showed that these DEGs were mainly related to cell division, proliferation, cycle regulation, oxidation-reduction process and certain metabolic pathways. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that DEGs were mainly involved in tryptophan metabolism, retinol metabolism and other metabolic pathways as well as p53 pathway. Over-expression of a panel of up-regulated genes (CCNA2, CDK1, DLGAP5, KIF20A,KPNA2 and MELK) was shown to be significantly negatively correlated with the prognosis of HCC patients in the TCGA dataset(all P<0.01). Conclusion: A set of up-regulated hub genes that are negatively correlated with prognosis will provide potential guiding value for the clinical research on the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（No.81572265）