肿瘤涉及DNA、RNA、蛋白质和代谢物水平的多种异常，是一种复杂的全身性疾病。根据中心法则衍生的组学方法分别为基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学。在过去的数十年间，关于肿瘤的单一组学研究取得了显著成绩，但肿瘤发生发展的确切机制尚不清楚。为了更加系统地揭示肿瘤发生发展的过程及其机制，多组学研究应运而生，推动肿瘤研究范式从单参数模型向多参数系统模型的转变。多组学方法的整合有望阐明肿瘤的发生发展机制，发现具有诊断和预后预测功能的生物标志物，探索新的治疗靶点，最终实现肿瘤预测、预防和个体化医疗（PPPM）。本文综述了肿瘤研究中不同组学技术的研究方法和研究进展，特别强调了多组学技术在肿瘤研究和临床相关结果中整合的重要性和科学价值。

Tumor is a complex systemic disease, involving abnormalities at multiple levels, such as DNA, RNA, protein and metabolite.According to the central rule, the derived omics methods are genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabonomics. In the past few decades, there have been remarkable achievements in the single omics study of tumor, but the exact mechanism of tumor development is still unclear. In order to reveal the process of tumorigenesis and development in a more systematic way, the research of multiomics came into being, which promoted the transformation of tumor research paradigm from single parameter model to multi parameter system model. The integration of multi-omics methods is expected to clarify the mechanism of tumor occurrence and development, find biomarkers with diagnostic, prognostic and predictive performance, explore new treatment targets, and finally achieve predictive, preventive,and personalized medicine (PPPM). This paper reviews the research methods and progress of different omics techniques in tumor research, especially emphasizes the importance and scientific value of the integration of multiple omics techniques in tumor research and clinical related results.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（No.81702651）；吉林省直属卫生专项基金（No.2018SCZ007）