目的：探讨甲状腺滤泡癌（FTC）组织中程序性死亡蛋白1（PD-1）和NOD样受体蛋白3（NLRP3）的表达及其与患者临 床病理特征和预后的关系。方法：收集2015年1月至2020年6月福建医科大学附属第二医院手术切除的60例FTC患者的癌和 配对癌旁组织标本，采用免疫组织化学染色法检测癌及癌旁组织中PD-1和NLRP3的阳性表达率，χ2检验或者Fisher精确检验法 分析PD-1和NLRP3表达与FTC患者临床病理特征的关系，Pearson相关性分析PD-1与NLRP3表达的关系，Kaplan-Meier生存和 Logistic回归分析PD-1和NLRP3表达与患者预后的关系。结果：在60例FTC组织中，PD-1和NLRP3均有较高的阳性表达率 （46.67%与63.33%）。PD-1表达与FTC患者肿瘤分期、肿瘤大小、血管侵犯、复发与否具有显著相关性（均P<0.05），NLRP3表达与患者肿瘤大小、血管侵犯、甲状腺外浸润以及复发具有显著相关性（均P<0.05）。PD-1与NLRP3的表达成负相关，前者与患者更好的预后相关，后者是FTC复发的独立风险因素。结论：PD-1和NLRP3在FTC组织中有较高的阳性表达率，前者与患者更好的预后相关，后者是FTC复发的独立风险因素，且两者的表达呈负相关。

Objective: To investigate the expression of programmed death protein 1 (PD-1) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) in follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) tissues and their relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients.Methods: A total of 60 pairs of cancer tissues and corresponding para-cancerous tissues that surgically resected from patients with FTC at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from January 2015 to June 2020 were collected for this study. The positive expression rate of PD-1 and NLRP3 was detected by immunohistochemical staining in the cancer and para-cancerous tissues.The relationship between the expression of PD-1, NLRP3 and the clinicopathological characteristics of FTC patients was analyzed by χ2 test or Fisher's exact test. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between the expression of PD-1 and NLRP3,and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the relationship between the expression of PD-1, NLRP3 and the prognosis of FTC patients. Results: High positive expression rates of PD-1 and NLRP3 were observed (46.67%and 63.33%) in the FTC tissues. The expression of PD-1 was significantly correlated with tumor stage, tumor diameter, vascular invasion and recurrence status of FTC patients (all P<0.05), while the expression of NLRP3 was significantly correlated with tumor diameter, vascular invasion, extra-thyroid infiltration and recurrence status of the patients (all P<0.05). The expression of PD-1 was negatively correlated with NLRP3 level. PD-1 was correlated with a better prognosis of patients, while NLRP3 was an independent risk factor for disease recurrence. Conclusion: PD-1 and NLRP3 have high positive expression rate in FTC tissues. The former is associated with better prognosis, while the latter is an independent risk factor for disease recurrence, and the two are negatively correlated.

国家卫生健康委员会青年项目（No.2018-2-26）；泉州市 科技计划项目（No.2018Z112）