目的：分析卷曲螺旋结构域蛋白137（CCDC137）基因在肝细胞癌（HCC）组织中的表达及其与患者临床病理特征和预后的关系，探讨敲低CCDC137基因对肝癌MHCC97H细胞增殖、迁移及侵袭的影响。方法：从癌症基因组图谱（TCGA）数据库下载HCC数据集，获得CCDC137基因表达谱和临床资料信息，利用生物信息学方法分析CCDC137基因在HCC组织中的表达水平与患者临床病理指标的相关性以及对预后的影响；用基因集富集分析（GSEA）预测CCDC137基因在HCC中可能调控的信号通路，用Kaplan-Meier法及Log-Rank检验进行生存分析，并运用Cox比例风险回归模型分析影响患者预后的危险因素。采用小干扰RNA技术抑制肝癌MHCC97H细胞中CCDC137基因的表达，用qPCR法、WB法、CCK-8法及Transwell实验分别检测干扰后细胞CCDC137 mRNA和蛋白表达及其对细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭能力的影响。结果：在TCGA数据库检索到的371例HCC患者中，CCDC137 mRNA 表达水平显著高于癌旁组织（P<0.01），其高表达与肿瘤组织学分级、癌组织分期、T分期等存在显著关联（OR=0.014、0.007、0.047，均P<0.05），CCDC137高表达的患者OS明显低于CCDC137基因低表达的患者（P<0.05），多因素Cox回归分析提示CCDC137基因可作为HCC患者的独立预后因子。GSEA结果发现，CCDC137基因高表达的样本存在碱基切除修复和剪接体等多个通路基因集的富集（P<0.01，FDR<0.05）。敲低CCDC137基因后，MHCC97H细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力均显著降低（均P<0.01）。结论：CCDC137基因在HCC组织中高表达，其高表达与HCC的发生发展及预后不良有关。敲低CCDC137基因表达抑制MHCC97H细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力。

Objective: To analyze the gene expression of coiled-coil domain containing protein 137 (CCDC137) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and its relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis of HCC patients, and to explore the effect of CCDC137 knockdown on the proliferation, migration and invasion of MHCC97H cells. Methods: The HCC dataset was downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to obtain the CCDC137 gene expression profile and clinical information of patients. The correlation between the expression level of CCDC137 gene in HCC tissues and the clinicopathological indices and its impact on patients' prognosis were analyzed by bioinformatics method. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was used to predict the possible pathways regulated by CCDC137 gene in HCC. Kaplan-Meier method and Log-Rank test were used for survival analysis; Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze the risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients. The expression of CCDC137 in MHCC97H cells was inhibited by small interfering RNA technology. The mRNA and protein expression levels of CCDC137 in transfected MHCC97H cells as well as its effect on cell proliferation, migration and invasion were observed by qPCR,WB, CCK-8 and Transwell assays, respectively. Results: According to the data of 371 HCC patients retrieved from TCGA database, the expression level of CCDC137 mRNA in tumor tissues was significantly higher than that in the para-cancerous tissues (P<0.01). The high expression of CCDC137 mRNA was significantly correlated with tumor histological grade (OR=0.014), cancer tissue stage (OR=0.007), and T stage (OR=0.047) (all P<0.05). The OS rate of patients with high CCDC137 expression was significantly lower than that of patients with low CCDC137 expression (P<0.05), and multivariate Cox regression analysis suggested that CCDC137 gene could be an independent prognostic factor for HCC patients. GSEA results showed that the samples with high expression of CCDC137 gene were enriched in multiple pathways/gene sets such as base excision repair and spliceosome (P<0.01, FDR<0.05). After knockdown of CCDC137 gene, the proliferation, migration and invasion of MHCC97H cells were significantly decreased (all P<0.01).Conclusion: CCDC137 gene is highly expressed in HCC tissues. The high expression of CCDC137 is related to the occurrence,development and poor prognosis of HCC. Inhibition of CCDC137 gene expression can inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of MHCC97H cells.

国家自然地区科学基金资助项目（No.82060297）；中国医学科学院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助 项目（No.2020-PT330-003）；兵团财政科技计划项目区域创新引导计划资助项目（No.2021BB006）；石河子大学自主支持科研资助项目 （No.ZZZC202026A）