RNA结合蛋白（RBP）由于其独特的生物学功能，目前已经成为肿瘤生物治疗相关靶点筛选的宠儿，很可能为肿瘤生物治疗带来新的机遇。RBP能调控肿瘤细胞及肿瘤微环境免疫细胞和间质细胞的DNA-RNA-蛋白质相互作用网络，进而广泛影响肿瘤发生发展、抗肿瘤免疫应答及肿瘤免疫逃逸过程，目前RBP相关肿瘤生物治疗的研发，主要聚焦在治疗性疫苗、免疫细胞治疗、表观调控治疗等方面，部分研发成果已处于临床试验阶段。随着新理论、新技术的发展以及研究模式的创新，靶向RBP的治疗逐渐摆脱了既往靶向难、疗效欠佳的困局，迎来了新的机遇，通过改良精准靶向和优化组合用药等新策略，为肿瘤生物治疗注入了新的活力，对精准个体化医疗的发展具有重要意义。

RNA-binding protein (RBP), due to its unique biological functions, has become one of the favorite screening targets for tumor biotherapy, which is likely to bring new opportunities for tumor biotherapy. RBP can regulate the DNA-RNA-protein interaction network in tumor cells, tumor microenvironment immune cells and interstitial cells, and thus widely affecting tumor occurrence and development, anti-tumor immune response and tumor immune evasion. Nowadays, the research of RBP-related tumor biotherapy mainly focuses on therapeutic vaccines, immune cell therapy and epigenetic modulation therapy etc., and some of the research advances have been applied into the clinical trial. With the development of new theories and technologies and the innovation of research models,RBP-targeted therapy has been gradually getting rid of the dilemma of difficult target and poor efficacy, and ushering in new opportunities. New strategies such as improving precise targeting and optimizing drug combinations have injected new vitality into tumor biotherapy, which is of great significance to the development of personalized medicine.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（No. 32200743；No. 32070903）；上海市扬帆计划资助项目（No. 21YF1458000）