目的：探究小核核糖核蛋白多肽A（SNRPA）在肝细胞癌（HCC）组织和细胞中的表达及其调控HCC 细胞HepG2 和Hep3B恶性生物学行为的作用及其机制。方法: 数据库分析SNRPA在泛癌组织中的表达及其与病理分期、HCC 患者预后的相关性。常规培养HepG2 和Hep3B 细胞，将si-NC ，si-SNRPA#1、si-SNRPA#2转染HepG2 和Hep3B 细胞，实验分为si-NC 组、 si-SNRPA#1 组和si-SNRPA#2 组；将SNRPA-vector 和SNRPA-oe 载体转染LO2 细胞，分为SNRPA-vector 组和SNRPA-oe 组。 qPCR法检测正常肝细胞和肝癌细胞以及转染各组HepG2和Hep3B细胞中SNRPA mRNA的表达，MTT法、Transwell 法和WB法分别检测转染后各组HepG2 和Hep3B细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力以及EMT相关蛋白表达的变化。结果: 数据库分析显示，SNRPA mRNA在多数肿瘤组织中均呈高表达（均P<0.001）且与病理分期有关联（P<0.05或P<0.01）。SNRPA在HCC组织和细胞中均呈高表达（P<0.05 或P<0.01），且与HCC患者的预后有关联（P<0.01）。敲减SNRPA表达明显抑制HepG2 和Hep3B细胞增殖（P<0.05或P<0.01）而过表达SNRPA则能促进LO2细胞增殖（P<0.01），敲减SNRPA表达明显抑制HepG2和Hep3B细胞的迁移和侵袭能力（均P<0.01），明显促进E-cadherin 的表达上调（P<0.01），而抑制N-cadherin、vimentin 的表达（P<0.01）。结论: SNRPA在HCC组织及细胞中呈明显高表达，其可能通过调控上皮间质转化（EMT）进程进而促进HepG2和Hep3B细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭。

Objective: To investigate the expression of SNRPA in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cells and the role and mechanism of small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide A (SNRPA) in regulating the malignant biological behaviors of HCC HepG2 and Hep3B cells. Methods: The database was used to analyze the expression of SNRPA in pan-cancer tissues and its correlation with the pathological stage and the prognosis of HCC patients. HepG2 and Hep3B cells were routinely cultured. si-NC, si-SNRPA#1, si-SNRPA#2 were transfected into HepG2 and Hep3B cells and recorded as si-NC, si-SNRPA#1 and si-SNRPA#2 group. SNRPA-vectors and SNRPA-oe vectors were transfected into LO2 cells and recorded as SNRP-vector and SNRPA-oe group. qPCR was used to detect the expression of SNRPA mRNA in normal hepatocytes and HCC cells, as well as HepG2 and Hep3B cells transfected with each group. MTT, Transwell and WB assays were used to respectively investigate the changes in the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities as well as the expression of EMT-related proteins in the transfected HepG2 and Hep3B cells in each group. Results: Database analysis showed that SNRPA mRNA was highly expressed in the majority of tumors (all P<0.001) and correlated with their pathological stages (P<0.05 or P<0.01). SNRPA was highly expressed in both HCC tissues and HCC cells (P<0.05 or P<0.01) and was correlated with the prognosis of HCC patients (P<0.01). Knockdown of SNRPA expression significantly inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 and Hep3B cells (P<0.05 or P<0.01) while overexpression of SNRPA promoted the proliferation of LO2 cells (P<0.01). Knockdown of SNRPA expression significantly inhibited the migration and invasion abilities of HepG2 and Hep3B cells (both P<0.01) and promoted a marked up-regulation of the expression of E-cadherin (P<0.01) and suppressed the expression of N-cadherin and vimentin (P<0.01). Conclusion: The expression of SNRPA was significantly elevated in HCC tissues and cells, and it may promote the proliferation,migration and invasion of HepG2 and Hep3B cells by regulating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process.

西安交通大学第一附属医院科研发展基金（No. 2020QN-12）