[摘 要] 免疫疗法为肿瘤治疗提供了新手段。肿瘤患者自身微环境内免疫状态的“冷”与“热”是决定患者能否响应免疫治疗的关键在素。创 新性地提出“细胞电池”促进肿瘤免疫微环境“冷热转换”的概念，并从“冷肿瘤”和“热肿瘤”的概念，“冷肿瘤”和“热肿瘤”之间的转换策略，以及 “细胞电池”的种类和应用对目前肿瘤免疫治疗的研究现状和进展进行综述，为肿瘤免疫治疗新疗法的构建提供坚实的理论基础。

[Abstract] Immunotherapy has provided new approaches for tumor treatment. The immune status within the tumor microenvironment of cancer patients, characterized as‘ cold’ or‘ hot’, determines whether they will respond to immunotherapy. This article innovatively proposes the concept of‘ cell batteries (or Tesla Cell)’ to promote the‘ cold-hot switch’ of the tumor microenvironment. It reviews the current research status and progress in tumor immunotherapy, focusing on the concepts of "cold tumors" and "hot tumors, " the conversion strategies between them, as well as the types and applications of "Tesla cell"， aiming to provide a theoretical foundation for the development of new immunotherapeutic strategies for tumors.

国家自然科学基金项目（No. 32270955）；国家生物制药技术创新中心省级人才计划（ No. NCTIB2024JS0101）；江苏省重点研发计划专 项资金项目临床前沿技术（No. BE2022719）；江苏省医学重点学科（No. YXZDXK202236）；江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划（No. KYCX23_3265）； 常州市临床医学中心（No. CZZX202201）；南京医科大学常州医学中心重点项目[No.CMCM202401]；常州市卫生健康委员会重大科技项目（No. ZD202329）; 常州西太湖细胞前沿技术发展基金会重点培育项目；常州市卫健委“十四五”高层次人才培养计划