[摘 要] 甲状腺癌是内分泌系统中最为常见的恶性肿瘤，近年来其发病率呈现出显著的上升趋势。乙酰化修饰作为一种重要 的蛋白质翻译后修饰，参与调控各个类型甲状腺癌相关基因的转录表达、细胞周期进程及侵袭能力。组蛋白去乙酰化酶（HDAC） 抑制剂在甲状腺癌治疗中显示出潜在的应用前景。本文通过调研近年来相关文献，系统回顾了乙酰化修饰在参与甲状腺癌发生 发展过程中的生物学功能及其调控机制，进一步探讨HDAC抑制剂在临床治疗中的应用前景，为甲状腺癌的靶向治疗提供坚实 的理论依据和提出可行的治疗策略。

[Abstract] Thyroid cancer is the most prevalent malignant tumor of the endocrine system, and its incidence has shown a significant upward trend in recent years. Acetylation, an important post-translational protein modification, is involved in regulating gene transcription, cell cycle progression, and invasion ability in various types of thyroid cancers. Additionally, histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have shown potential in the treatment of thyroid cancer. This article systematically reviews the biological functions and regulatory mechanisms of acetylation in the development and progression of thyroid cancer based on recent literature. Furthermore, it discusses the clinical application prospects of HDAC inhibitors, providing a solid theoretical basis and feasible therapeutic strategies for targeted therapy of thyroid cancer.

吉林省自然科学基金（No. YDZJ202201ZYTS112）