[摘 要] 目的：探讨趋化因子配体1（CCL1）在口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）中的表达及其对人口腔舌鳞状细胞癌细胞HSC-4增 殖、迁移及侵袭能力的影响。方法：收集2018年1月至2020年6月期间在西南医科大学附属医院口腔颌面外科手术切除的28例 OSCC组织标本和患者临床特征资料，以及行阻生牙拔除术切除的10例正常牙龈标本。常规培养OSCC细胞HSC-4，实验分为对 照组（不加病毒）、NC组（转染对照慢病毒载体）、shCCL1组（转染敲减CCL1慢病毒载体）和CCL1组（培养基含60 ng/mL CCL1重 组蛋白），免疫组化法和WB法检测OSCC组织及细胞中CCL1蛋白的表达，并分析其表达水平与患者临床特征的关系；qPCR法、 CCK-8法、克隆形成实验、划痕愈合实验、Transwell小室实验和流式细胞术分别检测各组HSC-4细胞中CCL1 mRNA的表达、细 胞增殖、迁移、侵袭能力和细胞凋亡情况。结果：CCL1 蛋白在 OSCC 组织及 HSC-4细胞中均呈高表达（均P < 0.01）且与肿瘤 临床分期有关联（P < 0.05）。在 HSC-4 细胞中成功敲减 CCL1 的表达（P < 0.000 5），敲减 CCL1 表达能抑制 HSC-4 细胞的增殖 （P < 0.05，P < 0.01）、迁移与侵袭能力（均P < 0.05）并促进其凋亡（均P < 0.05）；CCL1重组蛋白处理对HSC-4细胞的作用与之相 反（P < 0.05，P < 0.01，P < 0.000 1）。结论：CCL1在OSCC组织中呈高表达且与OSCC的临床分期有关联，CCL1可能参与调控 HSC-4细胞的增殖、迁移、侵袭及凋亡。

[Abstract] Objective: To explore the expression of chemokine ligand 1 (CCL1) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and its effect on the proliferation, migration and invasion of human oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells (HSC-4). Methods: 28 OSCC tissue samples and clinical characteristic data of patients were collected at the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University between January 2018 and June 2020, as well as 10 normal gingival tissue samples removed during the extraction of impacted teeth. OSCC cells HSC-4 were cultured routinely and divided into the control group (without virus), the NC group (transfected with control lentiviral vector), the shCCL1 group (transfected with knockdown CCL1 lentiviral vector), and the CCL1 group (culture medium containing 60 ng/mL CCL1 recombinant protein). Immunohistochemistry and WB were used to detect the expression of CCL1 in OSCC tissues and cells, and analyze the correlation between its expression level and the clinical features of patients. qPCR, CCK-8 assay, plate cloning assay, cell scratch test, Transwell assay and flow cytometry were used to detect the expression of CCL1 mRNA, the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities and the apoptosis of HSC-4 cells respectively. Results: CCL1 protein was highly expressed in OSCC tissues and HSC-4 cells (all P < 0.01) and its expression was related to the clinical stage of tumors (P < 0.05). The expression of CCL1 in HSC-4 cells was successfully knocked down (P < 0.000 5). Knocking down the expression of CCL1 could inhibit the proliferation (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), migration and invasion (all P < 0.05) of HSC-4 cells, and promote its apoptosis (all P < 0.05). CCL1 recombinant protein treatment resulted in the opposite effects (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.000 1). Conclusion: CCL1 is highly expressed in OSCC and its expression is correlated with the clinical stage of OSCC. CCL1 may take part in regulating the proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis of HSC-4 cells.

国家自然科学基金项目（No. 82401112）；四川省科技厅自然科学（重点、面上）项目（No. 2025ZNSFSC0760）；大学生创新创业训练计划 项目（No. S202410632135）