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Pathological changes of human hepatocellular carcinoma after continuous passaging in nude mice
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Abstract:
To investigate the pathological changes of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after continuous passaging in nude mice. Methods: The mice model of HCC SMMULTMN were continuously observed for 20 years (19872007) . The subcutaneously transplanted carcinoma had been passaged for 228 generations. The pathological data of abdominally transplanted HCC, orthotopically transplanted HCC in nude mice, and orthotopically transplanted HCC in NODSCID mice were recorded. The pathological studies were conducted by light microscope, electron microscope, image analysis, chromosomal analysis, and measurement of alphafetoprotein (AFP) in peripheral blood. Results: (1) The local invasion and metastasis of of tumors were present in all the above 4 models for a long time. The local invasion rate and the pulmonary metastasis rate of subcutaneously transplanted tumors were 59.70% (40/67) and 37.10% (23/62), respectively. The pulmonary metastasis rate of abdominally transplanted tumors was 59.02%(36/61). The intrahepatic and pulmonary metastasis rate of the othotopically transplanted tumors were 18.18%(4/22) and 31.82% (7/22), respectively. The pulmonary metastasis rate of HCC in NODSCID mice was 53.85%. (2) The tissue structure and the differentiation of the 10th generation tumor cells was similar to those of primary HCC, with grade 2 differentiation and coarse trabecular pattern as the main characteristics. From the 11th generation to the 228th generation, the main characteristics of tumor cells were grade 3 differentiation and lump pattern. Electron microscope also showed worse differentiation. (3)The AFP level was 92 500 μg/L in cells before the 32th generation; it decreased to 6 729μg/L from the 33th130th generation cells; and the level of the 220th generation was 1 0005 000 μg/L.（4）The DNA contents had a wide distribution (from 2c to 6c) in abdominally transplanted tumors and the pulmonary metastatic tumors; the mean DNA index in the former tumors (2.60±0.20) was wider than the that in the latter (2.10±0.26) . (5)From the 55th generation to 206th generation, it was found that tumor cells had integrated into the chromosome of the nude mice. Conclusion: The subcutaneously transplanted HCC in nude mice can be stably expressed for 20 years, with no change in the local invasion and metastasis ability of HCC. The differentiation of the tumor cells worsenes and the AFP level is decreased in the blood; some chromosome of tumor cells integrate into the chromosome of nude mice, which may be related to the internal environment of nude mice and the multipotential differentiation of the tumor cells.
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