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Recent progress in the research on pattern recognition receptors and tumor microenvironment
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Abstract:
Tumor microenvironment has attracted significant research attentions worldwide. It is now generally accepted that the immune system is one of major components in tumor microenvironment and is involved in almost all processes of tumor development and progression. Innate immunity plays dual roles in immune surveillance and immune tolerance in the interaction of host and tumors. As the sensors for innate immunity, pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) can recognize virus, bacteria and other pathogens to initiate the immune responses. PRRs are also bifacial in the regulation of tumor immunity. They can inhibit tumorigenesis through maintaining the host-microflora homeostasis and removing the death or mutant cells and recognize danger signals to induce immunogenic tumor cell death to inhibit tumor progression on one hand, they can also contribute to tumorigenesis in settings of chronic inflammation and induction of regulatory cell populations and immunosuppressive cytokines to facilitate tumor growth on the other hand. In addition, tumor cells also express various PRRs, which are involved in tumor development and progression. In this review, we summarize the expression of PRRs and their ligands in tumor microenvironment, with a particular focus on the dual characters of PRRs in tumor immunity.
Keywords:
tumor ; tumor microenvironment ; pattern recognition receptor ; innate immunity ; immune regulation ; immune therapy
Project Supported:
Project supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China（No. 2011CB965202）， and the National Natural Science Foundation for the Youth（No. 31400757）
