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Archive > Volume 28 Issue 5 > 2021,28(5):419-430. DOI:10.3872/j.issn.1007-385X.2021.05.001 Prev Next
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Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related adverse events: New exploration and new challenges
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Abstract:
[Abstract] In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), by enhancing the killing effect of the human immune system on tumor cells, have obtained significant clinical efficacy in anti-tumor therapy. However, sufficient evidence has shown that immunotherapy can lead to unique immune-related adverse events (irAEs) when activating the immune system, which can affect the efficacy of immunotherapy or discontinue the treatment. In recent years, with the wide development of clinical trials of immunotherapy, more and more attention has been paid to the occurrence, adverse events profiles, as well as the development of effective management approaches of irAEs. Common irAEs include dermatitis and thyroiditis, etc. The use of different types of ICIs, different therapeutic doses or combination therapies can lead to different irAEs profiles, even the use of same ICI on different types of tumors can cause different irAEs profiles. At present, it is believed that the occurrence of irAEs is related to the changes of immune system, including excessive activation of the immune system and the breakdown of autoimmune tolerance, but the specific mechanism is still not very clear. This review integrated the new advances that have been made in recent years in the key theory and understanding of exploring the molecular mechanisms and predictive markers associated with irAEs of ICIs therapy to summarize the occurrence characteristics and molecular mechanisms of irAEs. This review also provide an overview of predictive markers, improvement on management principles, as well as new explorations for the treatment of irAEs
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Project Supported:
Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2016YFC1303800), the Science and Technology Development Project from the Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province (No.20190303146SF), the Special Project of Development and Reform Commission in Jilin Province (No.2017C022),and the Key Laboratory Construction Project from the Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province (No.20170622011JC)
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