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Chimeric antigen receptor-modified immune cells and their application in tumor immunotherapy
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Abstract:
Chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells (CAR-T cells) refers to the products after transferring genetic material with specific antigen recognition domain and T cell activation signal domains into T cells by gene modification technology, thus rendering the modified T cells activated by binding directly to specific antigens on the surface of tumor cells in the CAR-T cell therapy. In recent years, CAR-T cells have achieved remarkable results in the treatment of hematological diseases, bringing new hope to patients with hematological tumors. CAR-T cell therapy has become one of the most promising tumor immunotherapies, and CAR-T cells have become a hot spot for research and development by major companies. However, due to the side effects such as cytokine storm and poor treatment effect on solid tumors, the clinical application of CAR-T cells still faces challenges. In addition to traditional T cells, other immune cells are being explored for the application of CAR, for example, modifying immune cells such as NK cells, γδT cells, NKT cells, and macrophages to improve the effectiveness of these immune cells in killing tumors, and simultaneously reduce the adverse reactions caused by CAR-T cell immunotherapy. This review compares the advantages and disadvantages of different CAR[1]modified immune cells in tumor therapy and provides new ideas and enlightenments for the clinical development and application of CAR-modified immune cells in tumor immunotherapy.
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Project Supported:
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81771686), and the Shandong Provincial Key Research and Development Program (Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Project) (No. 2019JZZY021013）
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