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Archive > Volume 29 Issue 7 > 2022,29(7):605-612. DOI:10.3872/j.issn.1007-385X.2022.07.001 Prev Next
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mRNA-LNP-based cancer immunotherapy
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Abstract:
Emerging cancer immunotherapies achieve robust antitumor responses by activating antigen-specific T cells. Despite the tremendous progresses, many cancer patients respond only partially or not at all to these anticancer therapies. mRNA-lipid nanoparticles (mRNA-LNP) technology can be applied to tumor immunotherapy and is currently being studied in various fields, including therapeutic tumor vaccines, bispecific antibodies, cytokines, costimulatory ligands and receptors and CAR-T cell therapy. The most concentrated research areas are therapeutic cancer vaccines and intratumoral immunotherapy. Therapeutic tumor vaccines use encoding peptides that contain mutations found in the patient’s tumor, creating a personalized tumor vaccine composed of neoantigens specific to the patient's tumor. Intratumoral immunotherapy transforms "cold" tumors with little immune cell infiltration into "hot" tumors with increased immune cell infiltration by delivering mRNA encoding potent immune-stimulatory proteins to promote superior anti-tumor immune response with limited systemic toxicity. Tumor immunotherapy is reinvigorated after the application of mRNA-LNP technology in multiple fields of tumor immunotherapy.
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