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Archive > Volume 29 Issue 12 > 2022,29(12):1067-1075. DOI:10.3872/j.issn.1007-385X.2022.12.002 Prev Next
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NKG2A-targeted tumor immunotherapy: current situation, problems, and possible strategies
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Abstract:
Natural killer group 2 member A (NKG2A) is an important immune checkpoint molecule on the surface of immune cells. The binding between NKG2A and its ligand HLA-E inhibits the immune function of NK cells and T cells, and even causes their functional exhaustion and leads to tumor escape. Anti-NKG2A antibody can restore the function of T cells and NK cells by blocking the binding of NKG2A to its ligand, thus awakening a strong antitumor efficacy. Compared with other immune checkpoint molecules, such as PD-1 and CTLA-4, NKG2A-blocking antibody has unique advantages in clinical oncology treatment. It blocks the identification of NKG2A and relevant signaling pathways and reverses the functional exhaustion of T cells and NK cells at the same time, fully awakening the strong anti-tumor immunity of the body. Currently, several clinical trials on NKG2A-based anti-tumor immunotherapy are ongoing, showing good safety and therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we summarize the expression and signal transduction of NKG2A and HLA-E, NKG2A-mediated functional exhaustion of immune cells, and current clinical research status, problems, and possible strategies of NKG2A-targeted tumor immunotherapy, to provide a reference for the development and clinical application of NKG2A-targeted tumor immunotherapy.
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