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PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors for breast cancer: current status, problems and countermeasures
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Abstract:
PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have emerged as an important therapeutic tool in breast cancer immunotherapy. However, certain scientific issues remain to be addressed urgently in immunotherapy for breast cancer, especially for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), including the poor efficiency of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor monotherapy, the lack of explicit biomarkers to effectively screen treatment-sensitive populations, and the high incidence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). In order to improve the treatmentefficacy and reduce the incidence of irAEs, it is important to take some measures, such as exploring combined treatment of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and other drugs, using nanotechnology to develop nanocarriers that selectively target tumor cells to reduce the toxicity andincrease the efficacy of antitumor drugs, exploring biomarkers that can predict the response potential of immunotherapy, and early identification and treatment of irAEs and the construction and development of a multidisciplinary team (MDT) model. As these measures are actively promoted and the problems continue to be solved, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors will certainly have a broader application prospect in the treatment of breast cancer.
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