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Archive > Volume 30 Issue 10 > 2023,30(10):881-886. DOI:10.3872/j.issn.1007-385X.2023.10.005 Prev Next
Basic Research
Catalpol regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of breast cancer MCF-7 cells through the FOXO3-FOXM1 signal axis
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Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the effects and the mechanisms of catalpol (Cat) , a herbal extract from rehmannia glutinosa, on the proliferation and apoptosis of MCF-7 cells and the growth of transplanted tumors in nude mice. Methods: Human breast cancer MCF-7 cells were treated in vitro with Cat of different mass concentrations (0, 5, 25, 50, 100, 200 μg/mL), and the concentration of Cat was screened by MTT method. MCF-7 cells were divided into blank control group, Cat low-dose group, Cat medium-dose group, Cat high-dose group, Cat+sh-NC group and Cat+sh-FOXO3 group. Edu cell proliferation assay, plate cloning assay and flow cytometry were used to detect cell proliferation and clonogenetic abilities, the apoptosis rate and the cell cycle in each group, respectively. The protein expressions of FOXO3, FOXM1, caspase-3 and caspase-8 in cells of each group were detected by WB. A nude mouse transplant model of breast cancer MCF-7 cells was constructed to observe the effects of Cat on the growth of transplanted tumors. The protein expressions of FOXO3 and FOXM1 in transplanted tumor tissues were detected by WB. Results: The proliferation ablities of MCF-7 cells treated with low (50 μg/mL), medium (100 μg/mL) and high (200 μg/mL) Cat doses decreased significantly (all P<0.05). Compared with blank control group, the Edu positive cell rate, the number of clones formed, S phase and G2/M phase cell ratio and FOXO3 protein expression in Cat low, medium and high dose groups decreased significantly (all P<0.05). The apoptosis rate, G0/G1 phase cell ratio and the protein expressions of FOXM1, caspase-3 and caspase-8 increased significantly (all P<0.05). Compared with those of Cat+sh-NC group, the Edu positive cell rate, the colony formation number, S phase to G2/M phase cell ratio and FOXO3 protein expression of Cat+sh-FOXO3 group increased significantly (all P<0.05). The apoptosis rate, G0/G1 phase cell ratio and the protein expressions of FOXM1, caspase-3 and caspase-8 decreased significantly (all P<0.05). In Cat group, the volume and weight of nude mouse transplant MCF-7 cell tumors and the protein expression of FOXO3 decreased significantly (all P<0.05), while the protein expression of FOXM1 increased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion: Cat inhibits the proliferation and promotes the apoptosis of breast cancer MCF-7 cells and inhibits the growth of transplanted tumors in nude mice. The mechanisms may be related to the upregulation of FOXO3 expression and the downregulation of FOXM1 expression.
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