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The key to precise targeted immunotherapy for tumors: T cell receptor antigen screening techniques
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Abstract:
Adoptive T cell therapy has shown promising prospects in solid tumors and is becoming a major focus in the field of cancer therapy. TCR-T therapy relies on the specific recognition of peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) by the T cell receptor (TCR), leading to the activation of anti-tumor immune response of adoptive T cells. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis of the information of antigens targeted by TCRs is crucial for improving the efficacy and safety of TCR-T therapy in clinical applications. However, the lack of rapid and high-throughput TCR antigen screening techniques has limited the development of TCR-T therapy. In recent years, with the rapid advancement of high-throughput sequencing technologies, mass spectrometry-based flow cytometry, and computational biology, researchers have developed various TCR antigen screening techniques to decipher the antigen-targeting information of TCRs. This review summarizes TCR antigen screening methods, categorizing them into antigen-directed screening methods, TCR-directed screening methods, and bidirectional screening methods, and systematically introduces their strengths and limitations. Moreover, it delves into the prospects of TCR antigen screening development and provides new insights into the future of this area.
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