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Current status and future directions of immunotherapy for solid tumors
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Abstract:
Immunotherapy has revolutionized clinical treatment of solid tumors, becoming a core strategy for the treatment of solid tumors. Currently approved immunotherapy strategies for solid tumors include PD-1 antibodies, CTLA-4 antibodies, bispecific antibodies, TCR-T cells, and TIL. These approaches primarily exert antitumor effects by activating T-cell-mediated immune responses or directly supplementing tumor-reactive T cells. However, restrained by inhibitory factors within the tumor microenvironment, the therapeutic outcomes of these strategies remain suboptimal. Based on the cancer-immunity cycle theory, this article provides a systematic review of approved immunotherapy strategies, early-stage clinical trials, and emerging immunotherapy approaches. It also offers insights into the future directions of immunotherapy targeting T cells and other cell populations beyond T cells.
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